Unfortunately, everyone has to start out as a novice.

Mistakes are just unplanned opportunities for learning. We all, never stop making mistakes.
Experienced builders are just better at fixing them, hiding them, or making them into a design feature!

See the cool looking white scalloped shape behind the cockpit coaming on this kayak.
Rear strips were too short! Oops! Now it became a design feature!

I'm probably going to have to let the epoxy cure and depend on a mechanical bond

No problem. You can get the impression there was something wrong with a mechanical bond from some of the posts on this BB, but there isn't. A mechanical bond is just fine if you clean off the epoxy with water and sand before recoating.

Can I try to scrape off the bubbles now and let it sit until next week?

Yes, do it! You may find the bubbles are removed. If not you can live with it, remove the glass with a heat gun and do the area over, or consider making it a design feature.

Good luck!

Rob